New Winchester, Hampshire
Up to 1834
A parliamentary report of 1777 recorded workhouses in operation the Winchester parishes of St Mary Callendar [Kalender] (for up to 12 inmates), St Maurice (30), and St Thomas (40). In 1826, the parishes of Micheldever and East Strattion formed a Gilbert Union. The Winchester parishes of St Thomas and St Clement also took this path.
After 1834
The New Winchester Poor Law Union was formed on 10th August 1835. Its operation was overseen by an elected Board of Guardians, 36 in number, representing its 32 constituent parishes as listed below (figures in brackets indicate numbers of Guardians if more than one):
Hampshire:
Bishops Stoke (2), Chilcombe, Crawley, Easton, East Stratton, Headbourne Worthy, Hunton, Itchen Abbas, Kings Worthy, Littleton, Little St Swithin, Martyrs Worthy, Mitcheldever [Micheldever], Milland (Ville), Morestead, Owslebury, St Bartholomew-Hide, St Faith, St John, St Lawrence, St Mary Kalander [Kalender], St Michael, St Maurice (2), St Peter (Cheesehill), St Peter (Colbrook), St Thomas (2), Sparsholt, Stoke Charity, Twyford (2), Weeke, Winnall, Wonston.
Later Additions: Abbots Barton (from 1894), Avington, Chilcombe Without (from 1894), Compton, Fair Oak (from 1894), Lainston, Stoke Park (from 1899), Winchester (from 1902)
The population falling within the union at the 1831 census had been 16,807 with parishes ranging in size from Morestead (population 90) to Winchester St Thomas (1,665). The average annual poor-rate expenditure for the period 1832-35 had been £10,312 or 12s.3d. per head.
The New Winchester union workhouse was built in 1836-7 on land known as Oram's Arbour to the north-west of the city centre at the west side of Stockbridge Road. The architect is believed to be William Cole whose design was based on the Poor Law Commissioners' model Y-shaped plan. Intended to accommodate 300 inmates, the Commissioners authorized an expenditure of £5,194 on its construction. The site location and layout are shown on the 1871 map below.
An infirmary was added at the west of the site in 1845-6, followed by an isolation hospital in 1871. The 1894 map shows that the original pattern of buildings was was already much altered, with the removal of the original perimeter structures. These would have been mostly single-storey utility rooms such as stores and workshops.
A recent model of the site also shows the layout of the buildings after the removal of the perimeter.
By 1870, an infirmary had been added at the west of the workhouse. A sanitary annexe at its northern end contained water tank in its windowless upper storey. By the same date, an isolation hospital had been erected at the north-west of the site.
From 1904, to protect them from disadvantage in later life, the birth certificates for those born in the workhouse gave its address just as 1 St. Pauls Hill, Winchester.
In 1912, a large nurses' home was erected at the south of the workhouse.
The hospital was used for military purposes during both World Wars, for soldiers convalescing and undergoing minor operations.
Between the wars, the name of the hospital, which was originally called The Infirmary, was the subject of a dispute between the medical authorities and a certain Dr Patrick Lowden, who came to the city in 1933. Taking a dislike to the existing name, he decided to rename it St Paul's Hospital after the nearby church. Dr Lowden had the name painted on a sign which he nailed up at the hospital entrance. The medical authorities objected and took it down, but Dr Lowden put it up again. Eventually the authorities let him have his way and the hospital became St Paul's.
From 1948, St Paul's provided care for the elderly. More recently, drug and alcohol advisory services and psychological services also used it as a base.
The hospital finally closed in 1998, and has now been converted into residential accommodation in a development called Oram's Mount.
Children's Homes
From 1880, children from the Winchester Union were accommodated and educated at the Portsea Island Union's children's home. In March, 1927, Winchester opened a pair of children's cottage homes at Nations Hill, Kings Worthy.. The St Nicholas' Home housed up to 15 boys, and the St Margaret's Hoem 15 girls. After 1930, the running of the homes was taken over by Hampshire County Council. The buildings no longer survive.
Staff
- 1841— Master: Joseph Steel; Matron: Mary Steel (née Botteril)
- 1881 Census
Inmates
Records
Note: many repositories impose a closure period of up to 100 years for records identifying individuals. Before travelling a long distance, always check that the records you want to consult will be available.
- Hampshire Record Office, Sussex Street, Winchester SO23 8TH. Holdings include: Guardians' minute books (1835-46, 1891-25); Birth registers (1835-1931); Death registers (1835-1938); Admission and discharge books (1835-1951).
Bibliography
- Moxley, Cyril An Introduction to the History of St Paul's Hospital
Links
- None.
Unless otherwise indicated, this page () is copyright Peter Higginbotham. Contents may not be reproduced without permission.